In the past 50 years of the post war era, we have enjoyed in some way or other the fruits of peace. However, even today, regional conflicts are constantly taking place in various parts of the world, while terrorist activities are prevailing worldwide. Moreover, despite the outcry for reduction in environmental destruction, progress in this area has been very slow. Nonetheless, I do not consider our future so dark. I would not like to think of it in that way. I consider it about time we unite the wisdoms of mankind together and cooperate with each other to make the world of the 2lst century an ideal one. In this sense, I sympathize fully with the spirit of the International Garden and Greenery Exposition, Osaka, 1990, which attempts to establish "The Harmonious Coexistence of Nature and Mankind". I give my full support to its various activities such as the establishment of the International Cosmos Prize and the hosting of Cosmos Forums as part of the campaign activities. The issue of harmonious coexistence between the earth and mankind is left totally to each individual. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that this problem can be solved only through the effort of each individual. It is high time that, among all, engineers and natural scientists must work hard toward the solution. It is undeniable, unfortunately, that environmental destruction has been brought about by the advancement in science and technology. On the other hand, science and technology have also made great contribution in eliminating pollution and reversing the environmental destruction. We, however, still have to wait for further development of science and technology in this respect. Here, engineers and natural scientists have social obligation to seek a solution. It is doubtless that the fact that scientists and engineers endeavor instinctively to tackle new questions is an enormous driving force behind the constant advancement in science and technology. However, it is time that scientists and engineers reflect upon what impact the outcome of their studies would have on the future of the earth and mankind. Recently, people are often talking about the need of ethics in medical practice. However, it is not limited to the field of medicine. It is also essential that all scientists and engineers develop a stronger sense of ethical responsibility.

Akito Arima Professor Emeritus of the University of Tokyo (Japan, physicist, nuclear physics)

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